Then, the gear thermal stiffness was introduced into a system dynamic equation to study the influence of temperature on the dynamic characteristics of a gear transmission system. The influence mechanism of temperature on the gear mesh stiffness was revealed. crafted a semi-analytical formula of gear thermal mesh stiffness based on the finite element method. Their research showed that an increase in temperature reduces gear mesh stiffness. ![]() proposed a thermal expansion model and a gear mesh stiffness model based on linear thermal expansion theory, involute profile theory and the energy method. However, many scholarly research results conflict with these results. The effect of temperature on gear mesh stiffness has been studied, and the results have shown that gear stiffness increases after considering the influence of temperature. The mathematical expression of the time-varying thermal mesh stiffness of a gear pair with temperature was established by using the potential energy method. The actual involute profile was obtained after being affected by temperature. obtained the base circle radius of a gear in the free expansion state based on the plane strain/stress model. The mesh stiffness of the helical gear pair increased during the whole meshing process. Their research results showed that after considering the influence of temperature rise, the thermal expansion of the tooth profile leads to a reduction in gear backlash, an increase in contact area of the gear tooth and a decrease in average deformation of the contact area. Thus, the effect of temperature is introduced in the gear stiffness. The tooth profile deformation caused by the contact temperature deformation of the tooth surface was considered in the stiffness model. proposed an analytical algorithm for the mesh stiffness of helical cylindrical gears considering the effect of temperature. ![]() Their results showed that the gear thermal stiffness is greater than the gear elastic stiffness. The gear thermal stiffness is considered a simple superposition of elastic stiffness and temperature stiffness (formed by thermal deformation caused by temperature rise). The influence of contact temperature on spur gear mesh stiffness has been studied based on the Hertz contact theory. established a mathematical expression of spur gear tooth profile deformation caused by the change in gear surface contact temperature. In terms of the influence of temperature on gear stiffness, Gou et al.
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